Cervical Cancer Vaccine Benefit Lasts
子宫颈癌疫苗效果持久
Two vaccines for preventing cervical cancer, one that is already available and another that is undergoing FDA review, continue to offer nearly 100% protection five years following administration, new research shows.
预防子宫颈癌的两种疫苗，一种已经是上市；另一种正在接受食品药物管理局（FDA）的评估，在五年的追踪管理下，这两种疫苗持续提供近100的预防作用。
Cervical Cancer Vaccine Benefit Lasts
Studies Show Long-Term Protection From Gardasil and Cervarix
研究显示，Gardasil和Cervarix具长期预防作用。
April 17, 2007 (Los Angeles) -- Two vaccines for preventing cervical cancer, one that is already available and another that is undergoing FDA review, continue to offer nearly 100% protection five years following administration, new research shows.
April 17, 2007(洛杉矶) -- 最新研究显示，预防子宫颈癌的两种疫苗，一种已经是上市；另一种正在接受食品药物管理局（FDA）的评估，在五年的追踪管理下，这两种疫苗持续提供近100的预防作用。
The findings come at a time when use of the vaccines is being hotly debated, with states grappling with the issue of access to a vaccine for a sexually transmitted disease.
正值大家在热烈讨论疫苗用途时提出这份研究结果，为性传染病的疫苗努力解决争议。
Darron R. Brown, MD, professor of medicine, microbiology, and immunology at the Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis, says the durability of the protection is an important issue.
印第安纳波利斯的印第安纳州立大学医学院医学、微生物学、和免疫学教授Darron R. Brown医生表示，预防作用的持久性是一个重要的问题；
"Right now, the data suggest strong sustainability with either vaccine. We don't know if a booster will be needed, but from what we're seeing, I think the vaccines will provide protection for a lifetime," he tells WebMD.
他向WebMD表示，现在，资料显示，这两种疫苗都有很强的持续力，他们不知道是否需要追加，但据我们了解，他认为这种疫苗将提供终身保护。
The vaccines were discussed at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research.
这两种疫苗在美国癌症研究协会的年会上被提出讨论。
Cervical Cancer Vaccines Target HPV
子宫颈癌疫苗针对人类乳突病毒
Both vaccines protect against cervical cancer by preventing infection with two strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) -- 16 and 18 -- that are responsible for up to 70% of all cervical cancers.
两种疫苗都能藉由预防16及18两种人类乳突病毒（HPV）来避免子宫颈癌，这两种HPV造成70以上的子宫颈癌。
Gardasil, the approved vaccine, also targets HPV 6 and 11, which account for 90% of genital warts -- providing the woman has not been previously exposed.
获得核准的疫苗Gardasil，也针对6和11这两种占90生殖疣的HPV，提供给之前没有接触过的女性使用。
HPV is a sexually transmitted virus, with dozens of strains.
HPV是性传染病的病毒，有许多种
The University of Louisville's Stanley Gall, MD, who tested Cervarix, the vaccine under review, predicts it will be approved soon. Then it will be up to each person to decide which one fits her needs, he says.
路易斯维尔大学的Stanley Gall医师测试正在评估的疫苗Cervarix，预测它将很快获得核准，他表示，之后，每个人可以自己决定适合她需要的疫苗；
"They're both wonderful products and the family and their doctor will have to decide which is best," he tells WebMD.
他向WebMD表示，它们是两个绝佳的产品，而且家人和他们的医生要决定哪里个最好。
Gall says that younger people are more likely to develop genital warts, so they might decide to opt for the additional protection offered by Gardasil.
Gall医师表示，较年轻的人比较容易有生殖疣，因此，他们也许会决定选择Gardasil所提供额外的预防作用。
Cervical Cancer Vaccine Debate Heats Up
子宫颈癌疫苗正在热烈讨论
The big, looming issue will not be which vaccine to get, but whether to get it at all, he says. "If we don't get it into people, they won't benefit," he says.
他表示，主要且隐约出现的问题不是要用哪里种疫苗，而是要不要用；如果我们不让它进入人体，是不会获益的。
The FDA approved Gardasil for girls and women aged 9-26. The CDC recommends the vaccine to girls 11-12 years old, but it can be given to girls as young as 9. The CDC also recommends it for 13- to 26-year-old females who haven't already received or completed the vaccine series.
FDA核准9至26岁的女孩和妇女使用Gardasil，疾病管制局（CDC）建议，11至12岁的女孩接种疫苗，但9岁的女孩也可接种；CDC也建议，13至26岁未接受过或尚未完成疫苗接种的女性要使用。
Texas is the only state to mandate the vaccine. Debates in several states on whether to join it have been faced with a backlash, with critics charging that the vaccine promotes promiscuity and denies parents their rights.
德州是唯一指定要接种疫苗的州，有几个州在争辩是否要加入，但面对到强力的反对，有评论者指控，疫苗会促使乱交并否定父母的权利
Gall, who backs state mandates, says the backlash is appalling given that more than 11,000 new cases of cervical cancer will be diagnosed in 2007, with more than 3,600 deaths, according to figures from the American Cancer Society.
Gall医师支持州的指令，认为反对是很骇人的，因为根据美国癌症协会的数据显示，2007年诊断出超过1万1千名子宫颈癌案例，有超过3千6百人死亡。
"Patients are always asking, 'Why isn't there a vaccine to prevent cancer?' Well, now you have a cancer vaccine. The whole idea is to use it," he says.
他表示，患者总是在问为什么没有防止癌症的疫苗？，好了，现在已经有癌症疫苗，理想的情况就是能用它；
Gall also thinks states should offer the vaccine for free. "This would really help us make headway in getting into the population that needs it," he says.
Gall医师也认为，州政府应该免费提供疫苗，这才真的能帮助我们推展给需要它的人。
Brown says he doesn't support mandates. "What we need to do is educate families about the high level of safety and effectiveness of the vaccine. Once they understand that, I think very few would not want their daughters to be immunized," he says.
Brown医生表示，他不支持这项指令，我们所需要做的是教育家人疫苗非常安全和有效，一旦他们了解，他认为没几个人会不想要他们的女儿接种。
Noting that Gardasil is also being tested in males -- who spread HPV to their sexual partners ?Brown says, "If we ever get FDA approval for use in males, I'd make sure my boy got it."
Brown医生表示，要注意，Gardasil也有在男性做测试，也就是散播HPV给他们性伴侣的人，如果我们能得到FDA核准给男性使用的话，他确定会让他儿子接种
Duke University's H. Kim Lyerly, MD, moderator of a news conference on the findings, says the medical community is still trying to figure out whether state mandates or education is the best way to ensure all girls get vaccinated.
研究结果发表会的主持人，杜克大学的H. Kim Lyerly医师表示，医学界仍在设法了解州的指令还是教育才是最佳确保所有女孩接种疫苗的方法。
Vaccines Protect Against Other HPV Subtypes, Too
疫苗也能防止受其它HPV子型的侵袭
The new research presented at the meeting also showed that both Gardasil and Cervarix protect against HPV types 45 and 31, which are together responsible for 10% of cervical cancers, Gall says.
会议中发表的这篇最新研究也显示，Gardasil和Cervarix可以避免45和31型的HPV侵袭，Gall医师表示，这两种病毒造成10%的子宫颈癌。
"It's not a surprise that the vaccine offers protection against additional types of HPV, as they are all related genetically," he explains.
他解释，疫苗能提供其它类型HPV病毒的预防并不令人惊讶，因为他们都与基因有关；
Both vaccines also appeared to prevent abnormal, precancerous cell growths found in the cervix, he says.
他表示，两种疫苗似乎都能防止子宫颈内不正常、尚未成癌的细胞生长。
The Cervarix study, funded by GlaxoSmithKline, which makes the vaccine, included 1,113 women aged 15 to 25 in North America and Brazil who were given either three doses of the vaccine or a placebo.
Cervarix的研究是由疫苗制造商葛兰素史克公司资助，研究参与者包括1,113名北美洲和巴西的15岁至25岁女性，她们接种三剂疫苗或安慰剂；
The Gardasil study, sponsored by maker Merck & Co., involved 12,167 women aged 16 to 23.
Gardasil的研究是由制造商默克公司赞助，研究参与者为12,167名16岁至23岁的女性。
子宫颈癌疫苗，的确是一个很新，很有前途的研究方向，美国的刘西平博士专攻此方面，即将在《自然》杂志发表相关文章，届时有兴趣的同道可以搜寻一下
