Tilte: Yttrium-90 microspheres for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
题目：用于治疗肝癌的90钇玻璃微球
Author: Geschwind JF, Salem R, Carr BI, Soulen MC, Thurston KG, Goin KA, Van Buskirk M, Roberts CA, Goin JE.
作者;
Resourse: Gastroenterology. 2004 Nov;127(5 Suppl 1):S194-205.
来源; 胃肠病学杂志，2004年11月，第127卷第五期，第一期增刊，页码：194-205
Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma is extremely difficult to treat. TheraSphere consists of yttrium-90 (a pure beta emitter) microspheres, which are injected into the hepatic arteries. This article reviews the safety and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were treated with yttrium-90 microspheres.
不可手术切除的肝癌治疗起来非常困难。TheraSphere由90钇（只发射beta射线）玻璃微球组成，后者可被注射到肝动脉中去。本文对接受90钇玻璃微球治疗的肝癌病人的安全和生存问题进行了综述。
Eighty patients were selected from a database of 108 yttrium-90 microsphere-treated patients and were staged by using Child-Pugh, Okuda, and Cancer of the Liver Italian Program scoring systems. Patients were treated with local, regional, and whole-liver approaches. Survival from first treatment was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. Adverse events and complications of treatment were coded by using the Southwest Oncology Group toxicity scoring system.
从108位接受90钇玻璃微球治疗的患者库中选出80名患者。采用Child-Pugh分期系统, Okuda分期系统和意大利肝癌项目评分系统对患者进行分期。患者给予局灶性，区域性和整肝方式治疗。采用Kaplan-Meier方法和Cox回归分析方法分析首次治疗后患者生存状况。根据西南肿瘤组毒性评分系统对治疗的不良反应和并发症进行编号。
Patients received liver doses ranging from 47 to 270 Gy. Thirty-two patients (40%) received more than 1 treatment. Survival correlated with pretreatment Cancer of the Liver Italian Program scores ( P = .002), as well as with the individual Cancer of the Liver Italian Program components, Child-Pugh class, alpha-fetoprotein levels, and percentage of tumor replacement. Patients classified as Okuda stage I (n = 54) and II (n = 26) had median survival durations and 1-year survival rates of 628 days and 63%, and 384 days and 51%, respectively ( P = .02).
患者肝区接受的放射剂量介于47到270居里之间。32名患者（40%）给予一次以上治疗。预治疗与生存率呈相关关系，意大利肝癌项目评分为（p=.002）；与此同时意大利肝癌项目各个组分，Child-Pugh分类系统，alpha-甲胎蛋白水平，肿瘤替代率等均与预治疗升高的生存率呈相关关系。
One patient died of liver failure judged as possibly related to treatment. Thus, in selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, yttrium-90 microsphere treatment is safe and well tolerated. On the basis of these results, a randomized controlled trial is warranted comparing yttrium-90 microsphere treatment with transarterial chemoembolization by using the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program system for prospective stratified randomization.
一名患者死于肝脏衰竭，据诊可能与治疗有关。因此，90钇玻璃微球治疗在这些挑选的肝癌病人中显示了良好的耐受性以及安全性。基于以上研究结果，采用意大利肝癌项目系统进行前瞻性随机分层以进行一项随机对照试验显得很有必要，这项试验将对90钇玻璃微球疗法与肝动脉化疗栓塞疗法的优劣进行比较。
Publication Types:
出版类型
Multicenter Study
多中心合作研究
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
研究经费来源：非美国官方
PMID: 15508085
编译：
用于治疗肝癌的90钇玻璃微球
2004年11月第127卷第五期胃肠病学杂志上一篇文章对接受90钇玻璃微球治疗的肝癌病人的安全和生存问题进行了综述。
不可手术切除的肝癌治疗起来非常困难。TheraSphere由90钇（只发射beta射线）玻璃微球组成，后者可被注射到肝动脉中去。从108位接受90钇玻璃微球治疗的患者库中选出80名患者。采用Child-Pugh分期系统, Okuda分期系统和意大利肝癌项目评分系统对患者进行分期。患者给予局灶性，区域性和整肝方式治疗。采用Kaplan-Meier方法和Cox回归分析方法分析首次治疗后患者生存状况。根据西南肿瘤组毒性评分系统对治疗的不良反应和并发症进行编号。患者肝区接受的放射剂量介于47到270居里之间。32名患者（40%）给予一次以上治疗。预治疗与生存率呈相关关系，意大利肝癌项目评分为（p=.002）；与此同时意大利肝癌项目各个组分，Child-Pugh分类系统，alpha-甲胎蛋白水平，肿瘤替代率等均与预治疗升高的生存率呈相关关系。
一名患者死于肝脏衰竭，据诊可能与治疗有关。因此，90钇玻璃微球治疗在这些挑选的肝癌病人中显示了良好的耐受性以及安全性。基于以上研究结果，采用意大利肝癌项目系统进行前瞻性随机分层以进行一项随机对照试验显得很有必要，这项试验将对90钇玻璃微球疗法与肝动脉化疗栓塞疗法的优劣进行比较。
再请教下两个地方的翻译，谢谢
Patients were treated with local, regional, and whole-liver approaches
其中local，regional该如何翻译？
Adverse events and complications of treatment were coded by using the Southwest Oncology Group toxicity scoring system
其中的coded该如何翻译？
